HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF SKIN AND VENERIAL DISEASES OF TASHKENT MEDICAL ACADEMY
History of the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases of Tashkent Medical Academy as part of the history of national dermatology inextricably linked with the names of the great doctors and scientists who have earned their time in our country and the well-known around the world. So, in IX – X centuries in Central Asia, there was a rapid flourishing of various areas of science. Scientific contribution to the development of world science Mamun Academy (Khorezm), which existed thousands of years ago , makes it possible to provide the level of prosperity of the era of scientific thought. In this Academy worked well-known all over the world the great scientists Abubakr Muhammad Zakaria Rozy (Rhazes), Abubakr Rabe Bukhoroi, Abumansur Muwaffaq ibn Ali al- Hiravi, Ismoil Dzhurdzhony, Abu Raykhon Beruni, Abu Ali Ibn Sino, Bobo Bahram Khorazmiy, Abu Mansur ibn Yahei Masihiy and many others.
The first mention of the incidence of local people in a pre Uzbekistan infectious skin and venereal diseases in the years 1842-1877 are in the book of doctor I. Avdakushin. With the accession to the Russian Turkestan, and the placement of Russian troops on the territory of Uzbekistan before the revolution , organized the first infirmaries and hospitals, where the opening venereal disease department. Throughout 1888 1915 years the incidence of syphilis in all three areas (Syr-Darya, Ferghana and Tashkent) is continuously increasing : it has increased in absolute terms by 4 times. In this case, the incidence was greater in the counties than in urban areas, and the gummy syphilis was detected in 1.5 times more common than primary and secondary. People suffering from endemic parasitic and fungal diseases. It should be noted that the statistics are limited to the registration of syphilis and only in certain dermatoses of requests for medical assistance.
In 1912, the Tashkent City Hospital was first opened Dermatovenerologic office, and in 1918 the venereal hospital in Tashkent, in 1919, Department of Sexually Transmitted Infection in the Ferghana Regional Hospital and in 1920 in Samarkand – open venereal clinic .
In 1919, August 15th at the initiative of enthusiastic doctors who worked in the province, offering highest marginal Medical School, on the basis of which in 1920 organized by the Faculty of Medicine ¬ Turkestan State University.
Among doctors and scientists contributed to the reduction or elimination of infectious dermatoses should be noted by contribution of the two surgeons who worked in Tashkent and celebrate our country, this is Peter Fokich Borovsky and Valentin Feliksovich Voyno-Yasenetsky. P.F.Borovsky in 1892 was appointed head of bacteriology office intern and surgical department of the Tashkent Military Hospital. Since 1894, the scientist studying the etiology of which is widespread in some parts of Central Asia, the disease is called pendin ulcer, and September 23, 1898 at a meeting of the Russian Surgical Society in St. Petersburg made a report about the discovery of the causative agent of the disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis ) . Portrait of P.F. Borowski placed in the gallery of distinguished scientists parasitologists in Moltenov Institute (Cambridge). P.F. Borovsky for many years headed the department of hospital surgery until the last days remained dean of the medical faculty TashMI.
V.F.Voyno – Yasenetsky to 1917 he worked as chief physician and surgeon of the city hospital in Tashkent since 1920 – professor of topographic anatomy and operative surgery of Tashkent University, to 1937 – Head of the Department of Surgery and Topographic Anatomy TashMI. A bronze bust of the scientist’s life when the gallery was set eminent surgeons at the Institute of Emergency Care of Sklife – sophsky, and a prominent church leader, Archbishop ( St. Luke ) , the award of the first post-war ¬ the Sovereign State Prize in 1946 for achievements in the fight against purulent processes.
As part of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Turkestan in 1920 at the Tashkent Military Hospital was organized by the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases . Its first head was elected representative of the St. Petersburg school of dermatology professor Anatoly I. Lebedev (1888 – 1923). Who headed the department until 1923 in April 1921 at Commissariat interdepartmental commission was established to develop measures to combat prostitution and syphilis. Thanks to his perseverance July 17, 1922 managed to open a clinic for 22 beds . And the first skin- venereal clinic with a hospital with 30 beds was established in 1924 in Tashkent , with a staff of five doctors and 10 nurses . With the opening of the SVDD (skin and venereal disease dispenser) and the organization of venereal -finding teams begin organizational scheduled fight against syphilis and infectious dermatoses .
First assistants of department were B.A. Derevschikov and A.S. Zelmanovich who have worked with two residents G.I.Umansky and B.N.Baranovsky . A major scientific contribution of the monograph professor , released in Tashkent dedicated pathological histology of skin diseases and syphilis. Professor A.I.Lebedev paid much attention to cutaneous leishmaniasis , offered his classification of this dermatosis by morphological features and created a collection of plaster casts . Professor A.I.Lebedeva life , physically very strong man , who spoke in the guise of the circus and undefeated on the wrestling mat , was interrupted premature death.
From 1924 to 1930 he was Head of the Department – Doctor of Medicine , Professor Isaiah Samoylovich Milman . In 1922, at the edges of the Bacteriological Institute was organized by serological laboratory and soon began the production of antigens and hemolytic sera. The number of beds increased to 35 , expanded laboratory.
At the initiative of Professor J. Milman S.V. in 1925 year was established scientific society of dermatologists . On the 2nd Scientific Congress of Doctors of Central Asia ( 1925) in Tashkent were reported results of a survey of the population for syphilis and infectious dermatoses . The incidence of syphilis in 8 districts of the country ranged from 0.9 to 12.5 % of the population , and 69.6 % are tertiary syphilis.
Residents G.I.Umansky and V.I.Baranovsky have been translated into over staff assistants, resident A.A. Akovbyan was elected full-time assistant . G.N. ZABELIN , N.L. Bereskina and K.M. Ternovenko worked as an intern .
During these years, the state measures taken to combat alcoholism , drug addiction, immoral elements. Scientific Congress on 3 doctors of Central Asia ( 1928 ), scientists and delegates stressed the importance of the dispensary practices and the need to establish an institution that would be the center for the control of sexually transmitted diseases.
In 1930, the head of the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases , was elected Professor Anatoly Yossi fovich Kartamishev , a representative of the Kiev school dermatologists . Since his arrival on intensified Manually work , the Department has expanded due to capital structures for the lecture hall, additional chambers , the number of beds increased to 65 . It was organized by serological laboratory at the clinic started functioning Venereal Diseases Hospital, which later became independent Tashkent regional clinic. In the State Department worked Professor A.I. Kartamishev , Associate Professor A.S. Zelmanovich , senior assistant A.A. Akovbyan , graduate S.H. Kapino , supernumerary assistant G.I.Umansky , head of the serological laboratory A.Y. Degtyar . Graduate students were Muldagaziev M. , M. Kazbekova , K.S. Velichko, interns A.P.Stepanova , Z.H. Rahmatullin , A.G. Echberger , N.A.Shestakova , P.F. Berezin , interns M.T.Medvedeva , M.Zapevalova , externally I.I. Potocki .
Since 1930 , annual national meeting of dermatologists in 1932 was organized by serological laboratory at the clinic TashMI . March 26, 1932 took place the first national congress of dermatologists and Uzbekistan on June 7 was created Uzbek Research Institute of Dermatology and Venereology . The task UzRIDV defined study population prevalence of syphilis , gonorrhea , fungal infections , scabies and systematic organization of recreational activities . Since January 1933 introduced a statistical map of patients. With the opening in 1932, the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases in Samarkand Medical Institute and Tashkent Institute of Advanced Medical improved opportunities for training qualified personnel for dermatology research , teaching and practical work. In April 1934 , the clinic of skin diseases in Tashkent Medical Institute formed the SVDD (Head – Akovbyan A.A. , Senior Assistant Professor ) in 1940 transformed the Tashkent Regional SVDD – Assistant Professor Zabalova A.G. ) .
In 1935 , according to the Decision of the degrees and titles , academic degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences without defending his thesis was awarded G.I.Umanskomu , A.A.Akovbyanu , K.L. Kamzolova , A.J. Degtyar under the direction of Prof. A. Kartamysheva are protected seven candidate ( S.H. Kapino , Ternovenko T.M. , S.M. Melink , I.I.Pototsky , M. Muldagaziev , P.F.Berezina , L.A. Elkind ) and three doctoral ( A.A. Akovbyan , S.M. Melink , I.I. Potocki ) theses. At that time, had been elected assistant professor A.A. Akovbyan , assistants S.H. Kapino , K.M. Ternovenko , Z.K. Rahmatullin , N.A. Shestakov , M.V. Borzov , R.P. Katz. In 1939, Professor A. Kartamishev was elected for Head of Department of Ufa Medical Institute.
Since 1939, quality indicators have been introduced and new forms of accounting diseases. Significantly reduced the incidence of syphilis. For example, if an intense rate of syphilis in 1929 was 809.1 , in 1940 it decreased by 4.7 times and amounted to 171.3 per 100 thousand population. The incidence of rural population dermatomycoses in Tashkent region ranged from 6.6 to 10%.
In 1940 , the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases of TashMI chaired by a representative of the Moscow Dermatology School Professor Tzvetan Angelovič Kristanna ( 1898-1974 ) . Chair of Professor Ts.A.Kristanovym refers to the period of the Great Patriotic War, when much attention was given to providing dermatological care to patients in the hospitals of Tashkent . Was elected Professor Doctor of Medical Sciences A.A. Akovbyan , PhD Associate Professor S.H. Kapino . Assistants were K.P. Kamzolova , K.M.Ternovenko , R.P. Katz , P.F. Berezin , A.M. Brodsky , M. Kylan , graduate M.A. Gulyamova , K.S. Suleymanov and W.A. Abdullayev .
In the 1940-1945 years the Dean of Academic Affairs TashMI. During this period, significant focus on assisting in the evacuation hospital dermatological patients of Tashkent. During the war the number of SVDD in the country has increased from 152 in 1941 to 162 in 1945 , the number of beds from 632 to 899 . However, the migration of the population , a decrease of experienced doctors and problems with drugs and reagents , reduction of requests and much more, was the reason for the growth and recurrent infectious syphilis in the country.
After the war ended in 1945 TS.A. Kristanna leaving home to Bulgaria , where he became an academician Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and many years of working the rector of the university.
In 1945 he was elected chair of Armais Aristogesovich Akovbyan ( 1900-1974 ) , Doctor of Medical Sciences , Professor , Honored Worker of Science of the Republic , who led the department until 1971 under his leadership, were prepared first Doctor of Medicine ( U.M. Mirakhmedov , K.S. Suleymanov , R.A. Kapkayev ) and many candidates of medical sciences of the indigenous population. A.A. Akovbyan – author of over 100 scientific publications and 10 original monographs. For many years he was the supervisor of the student scientific society in TashMI . During this period, lecturers worked S.H. Kapino , K.P. Kamzolova . U.M.Mirahmedov assistants , K.S Suleymanov , K.M. Ternovenko , P.F. Berezin , M.A. Gulyamova graduate student R.A. Kapkayev. Subsequently, the lecturers were U.M.Mirahmedov , M.A.Gulyamova , R.A.Kapkaev , assistants candidates od Medical Science E.I.Danilyants , A.A.Brukson , M.M.Abidov , N.A.Yaroshetskaya . Interns worked L.A. Astsaturova , J.S. Buzhin , B.A. Kirillov , D.V. Kozlov , T.M. Kasihina , I.A.Timofeev , Z.T.Talipov , Head of serological laboratory L.S.Kim , clinical residents S.S. Saipov Sh.D. Eshanhodzhaev for – leadingof biochemical laboratory M.G. Abidova .
Since 1945 and 1965, the number of SVDD in the country has increased 1.9 times , serolaboratory – 4.1 , the number of doctors dermatologists – 2.9 times . In 1947, the Residency was opened .
UzRISVD employees and departments of Skin and Venereal Diseases institutions and doctors involved in conducting 26 venereal expeditions. In Tashkent State Medical Institute in UzRISVD in 1964 , and later in Samarkand, Fergana and Andijan had been established staging RIBT and the whole complex seroreactions . By 1965 , a sharp reduction in the incidence of syphilis in the Khorezm region by 100% in KKASSR in other areas of the country a reduction of over 90 %.
However , some weakening of preventive work against the buildup of the observed reduction of sexually transmitted diseases, as well as the social conditions caused the growth of infectious diseases occurring due to natural disaster , an earthquake in Tashkent in 1966 led to an unprecedented increase in the incidence of contagious forms of syphilis in the country. However, a number of legislative decrees and resolutions of the Government of the Republic , the opening of a hospital closed for syphilis patients in Tashkent , and the hard work of the Ministry of Health , staff from all departments and doctors dermatologists , other physicians of the Republic, led by UzRISVD it possible quickly to reduce morbidity.
After the transition A.A. Akovbyana in 1971 as professor of the department head becomes MD, professor Usman Mirahmedovich Mirakhmedov ( 1918-1994 ) – a veteran of World War II, who did much to develop and implement new methods of serodiagnosis of syphilis , early diagnosis and new treatments. He is the author of over 300 scientific publications, including 10 monographs. At the department during this period worked R.A.Kapkaev professor , associate K.P. Kamzolova , M.A. Gulyamova M.M. Abidov , assistants E.I. Daniliants , L.A. Astsaturova , A.M. Karimov , S.S. Saipov , B.J. Yusupov , who later became Professors A.S. Vaisov , A.B. Rakhmatov , D.H. Jalilov . Under the direction of U.M. Mirahmedova were prepared candidates of medical sciences A.M. Karimov , B.J. Yusupov , S. Turahodzhaeva , Abu Ali Attab and B.N. Nazhimov .
In 1974, the director of UzRISVD appointed Associate Professor of Skin and Venereal Diseases Abidov Matlabhodzha Muradovich . In the years clearly manifested organizational talent existing tandem leaders Dermatovenerologic Service : UM professor Mirakhmedov – chairman of the Republican Society dermatologists and assistant professor Abidov M.M. – Director of UzRISVD . In the well-coordinated tandem to strengthen the material and technical equipment of the service , built a new building complex for UzRISVD , in 1976, the II Congress of the dermatologists of Uzbekistan , which determined the further development of the service.
An important chapter in the history of life (held in 1975) a new institution – HPC Central Asian railway evolved to an independent course for skin and venereal diseases , which in 1976 became the Department of Medical Faculty, Tashkent State Medical Institute , led by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist , Professor Radik Abdullaevich Kapkaev .
It creates the clinical base of the department for 80 beds ( Venereal Diseases Dispensary Asian Railway ), which in a short time converted in the most modern and logistically equipped clinic. Associate professor in the department worked Co. Inc. Vaisov , assistants , L.A. Abolyants , V.A. Akovbyan , L.A. Astsaturova , E.I. Daniliants , E.A. Kadyrov , E.G. Kim, B.L. Luban , M.A. Nasimova , M.A. Rakhimov. Later worked at the department Prof. G.A. Ismailov , associate B.L. Luban , E.A Kadyrov , E.E. Bekmuradova , assistants N.Y. Talanin , M.K. Kahn, S.N. Murathodzhaeva , B.I. Muhamedov , M. Karimov , F.D. Yusupov , M.D. Isanbaeva , B.U. Mirakhmedov , A.F. Ibragimov , A.F. Artikov , W.A. Yusubaliev , N.F. Gharib , W.A. Tashkentbaeva .
Professor R.A.Kapkaev created his own school dermatologists , doctors prepared 5 ( V.A. Akovbyan , A.Sh Vaisov , E.G.Kim , G.A. Ismailov , B.D. Alimov ) and more than 20 candidates of medical Science. He is the author of over 300 scientific publications and more than 10 monographs and satin. The activities of Professor R. Kapkaev inextricably linked with the history of TashMI in which he has gone from clinical intern to the head of the department , was Dean of Academic Affairs .
Under his leadership, the level of quality has improved diagnosis and treatment of dermatological patients in the country, was first held laser treatment rooms , a thermal imaging diagnostics , PUVA therapy , cryotherapy , medical cosmetology , developed an original method for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis , a method of photochemotherapy in a hot climate , studied ultrastructural and immunologic changes STIs. He created his own school dermatologists .